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c3baa1aae2495d9fcf383c433b46bfe0 jobTitle Senior Lecturer in Materials Engineering
c3baa1aae2495d9fcf383c433b46bfe0 research overview <p><img alt="" src="/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/JB%20research%20interests.JPG" style="width:500px; height:481px" /></p><p>James is an interdisciplinary scientist and engineer whose research involves&nbsp;<a href="http://rsif.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/4/14/473" rel="nofollow">surface&nbsp;modification</a>,<a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0927775713003841" rel="nofollow">particle technology</a>,<a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0260877413001295" rel="nofollow">polymers, rheology&amp;&nbsp;complex fluids</a>,<a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040609009001448" rel="nofollow">adhesion</a>, and the&nbsp;<a href="http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/la2045064" rel="nofollow">liquid/solid interface</a>.</p><p>His interests include using nanomaterials for carbon dioxide capture, energy storage, and creating sustainable technologies. His expertise includes&nbsp;<a href="http://iopscience.iop.org/2053-1591/2/5/055005/" rel="nofollow">nanomachining</a>,&nbsp;<a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0968432812001813" rel="nofollow">nanometrology</a>,&nbsp;<a href="http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/la202060f" rel="nofollow">intermolecular&amp;&nbsp;interparticle interactions</a>,<a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0927776513003962" rel="nofollow">biomaterial degradation</a>, and<a href="http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2013/sm/c3sm50706h" rel="nofollow">innovative methods of characterising complex materials</a>. He collaborates with comparative ecophysiologists to investigate&nbsp;<a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/23145291" rel="nofollow">structure-property relationships in natural materials</a>.</p><p>James has a collaborative attitude towards multidisciplinary research, with expertise in the following methods:&nbsp;</p><p><a href="http://iopscience.iop.org/0957-0233/21/11/115106" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/Atomic%20force%20microscopy.JPG" style="height:95px; width:100px" />Atomic Force Microscopy</a></p><p><a href="http://pubs.rsc.org/en/Content/ArticleLanding/2013/BM/C3BM60102A" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/Confocal%20Raman%20microscopy.JPG" style="height:94px; width:100px" />Confocal Raman Microscopy</a></p><p><a href="https://www.academia.edu/9854613/Experimental_and_numerical_investigations_of_the_effect_of_pellet_size_on_the_adsorption_characteristics_of_activated_carbon_ethanol" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/Dynamic%20vapour%20sorption.JPG" style="height:65px; width:100px" />Dynamic Vapour Sorption</a></p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0927776513003962" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/Electron%20microscopy(1).JPG" style="height:74px; width:100px" />Electron Microscopy</a></p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1751616114001222" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/Mechanical%20testing.JPG" style="height:65px; width:100px" />Mechanical Testing</a></p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674200113001776" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/Nanoindentation.JPG" style="height:97px; width:100px" />Nanoindentation</a></p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021979711013622" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/Particle%20size%20and%20shape%20analysis(1).JPG" style="height:77px; width:100px" />Particle Size&amp; Shape Analysis</a></p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0927776513003962" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/Porosimetry%20and%20pycnometry.JPG" style="height:43px; width:100px" />Pycnometry&amp; Porosimetry</a></p><p><a href="http://pubs.rsc.org/en/Content/ArticleLanding/2013/BM/C3BM60159E" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/Rheometry.JPG" style="height:102px; width:100px" />Rheometry</a></p><p><a href="http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2007/jm/b712687e" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/Self-assembled%20monolayers.JPG" style="height:50px; width:100px" />Self-Assembled Monolayers</a></p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040609012011935" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/Spectroscopic%20ellipsometry.JPG" style="height:75px; width:100px" />Spectroscopic Ellipsometry</a></p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0927775712007662" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/Spin%20coating.JPG" style="height:37px; width:100px" />Spin Coating</a></p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0141391011000164" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/Thin%20film%20deposition.JPG" style="height:36px; width:100px" />Thin Film Deposition</a></p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1751616113004207" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/Tribological%20analysis.JPG" style="height:72px; width:100px" />Tribological Analysis</a></p><p><a href="http://pih.sagepub.com/content/229/3/245.abstract" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/White%20light%20interferometry.JPG" style="height:48px; width:100px" />White Light Interferometry</a></p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0927776513003962" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/X-ray%20diffraction(1).JPG" style="height:49px; width:100px" />X-Ray Diffraction</a></p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040609007018524" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/X-ray%20photoelectron%20spectroscopy.JPG" style="height:75px; width:100px" />X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy</a></p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2>Selected publications as follows:</h2><h3><strong>Atomic Force Microscopy</strong></h3><p><a href="https://www.hindawi.com/journals/js/aip/6160907/" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B83%5D%20Thumbnail.JPG" style="width:100px; height:42px" />Mechanical characterization of torsional micro-paddles using atomic force microscopy</a>,&nbsp;<em>J. Sensors</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2018</strong>,&nbsp;6160907</p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468023017301001" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B78%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="width:100px; height:94px" />Selecting suitable image dimensions for scanning probe microscopy</a>,<em>Surf. Interf.</em>,<strong>2017</strong>,<em>9</em>, 133-142</p><p><a href="http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2051-672X/4/3/034001" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B65%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:64px; width:100px" />Adhesion between silica surfaces due to hydrogen bonding</a>,<em>Surf. Topogr. Metrol.Prop.</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2016</strong>,&nbsp;<em>4</em>, 034001</p><p><a href="http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10529-016-2047-x" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B63%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:81px; width:100px" />Adhesion of Pseudomonas fluorescens biofilms to glass,&nbsp;stainless steel and cellulose</a>,<em>Biotechnol.&nbsp;</em><em>Lett.</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2016</strong>,&nbsp;<em>38</em>, 787-792</p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0968432812001813" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B32%5D%20thumbnail(1).JPG" style="height:81px; width:100px" />Investigation of techniques for the measurement of articular cartilage surface</a>,&nbsp;<em>Micron</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2013</strong>,&nbsp;<em>44</em>, 179-184</p><p><a href="http://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/la304009c" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B30%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:53px; width:100px" />A dynamic model of the jump-to phenomenon during AFM analysis</a>,&nbsp;<em>Langmuir</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2012</strong>,&nbsp;<em>28</em>, 17273-17286</p><p><a href="http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/la2045064" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B26%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:69px; width:100px" />Adhesion of alumina surfaces through confined water layers containing various molecules</a>,&nbsp;<em>Langmuir</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2012</strong>, 28, 4648-4653</p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021979711013622" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B25%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:100px; width:100px" />Manufacturing of agarose-based chromatographic adsorbents - effect of ionic strength and cooling conditions on particle structure and mechanical strength</a>,&nbsp;<em>J. Colloid Interface Sci.</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2012</strong>,&nbsp;<em>367</em>, 153-160</p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0927776511005145" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B24%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:84px; width:100px" />Characterisation of spin coated engineered&nbsp;<em>Escherichia coli</em>&nbsp;biofilms using atomic force microscopy</a>,&nbsp;<em>Colloid. Surface. B</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2012</strong>,&nbsp;<em>89</em>, 152-160</p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304399111000957" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B21%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:74px; width:100px" />Fabrication and analysis of cylindrical resin AFM microcantilevers</a>,&nbsp;<em>Ultramicroscopy</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2011</strong>,&nbsp;<em>111</em>, 1214-1223</p><p><a href="http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1163/016942410X525623" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B14%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:51px; width:100px" />Prediction of inter-particle adhesion force from surface energy and surface roughness</a>,&nbsp;<em>J. Adh. Sci. Technol.</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2011</strong>,&nbsp;<em>25</em>, 367-384</p><p><a href="http://iopscience.iop.org/0957-0233/21/11/115106" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B13%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:58px; width:100px" />On the calibration of rectangular atomic force microscope cantilevers modified by particle attachment and lamination</a>,&nbsp;<em>Meas. Sci. Technol.</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2010</strong>,&nbsp;<em>21</em>, 115106</p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040609009001448" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B6%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:56px; width:100px" />The adhesive properties of pyridine-terminated self-assembled monolayers</a>,&nbsp;<em>Thin Solid Films</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2009</strong>,&nbsp;<em>517</em>, 3806-3812</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h3><strong>Healthcare</strong></h3><p><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0928493117342443" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B84%5D%20Thumbnail.JPG" style="width:100px; height:75px" />Silsesquioxane polymer as a potential scaffold for laryngeal reconstruction</a>,<em>Mater. Sci. Eng. C</em>,<strong>2018</strong>,<em>92</em>, 565-574</p><p><a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40204-017-0075-9/fulltext.html" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B80%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="width:100px; height:52px" />Anisotropic dehydration of hydrogel surfaces</a>,&nbsp;<em>Prog. Biomater.</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2017</strong>,&nbsp;<em>6</em>, 157-164</p><p><a href="http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2016/ra/c6ra19784a" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B67%5D%20thumbnail(1).JPG" style="height:100px; width:100px" />Soluble silicon patterns and templates calcium phosphate nanocrystal deposition in collagen type 1</a>,&nbsp;<em>RSC Adv.</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2016</strong>,&nbsp;<em>6</em>, 99809-99815</p><p><a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jphp.12623/abstract" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B66%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:47px; width:100px" />Micro particle surface layering through dry coating: impact of moisture content and process parameters on the properties of orally disintegrating tablets</a>,&nbsp;<em>J. Pharm.&nbsp;Pharmacol.</em>,<strong>2017</strong>,<em>69</em>, 807-822</p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022354915002415" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B62%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:100px; width:100px" />Development and evaluation of a novel intranasal spray for the delivery of amantadine</a>,&nbsp;<em>J. Pharm.&nbsp;Sci.</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2016</strong>,&nbsp;<em>105</em>, 1209-1220</p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021979716300212" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B60%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:99px; width:100px" />Electrospray synthesis and properties of hierarchically structured PLGA TIPS microspheres for use as controlled release technologies</a>,<em>J. Colloid Interface Sci.</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2016</strong>,&nbsp;<em>467</em>, 220-229</p><p><a href="http://www.nature.com/articles/srep16352" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B58%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:77px; width:100px" />A holistic multi evidence approach to study the fragmentation behaviour of crystalline mannitol</a>,&nbsp;<em>Sci. Rep.</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2015</strong>,&nbsp;<em>5</em>, 16352</p><p><a href="http://pih.sagepub.com/content/229/3/245.abstract" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B54%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:71px; width:100px" />Assessment of non-contacting optical methods to measure wear and surface roughness in ceramic total disc replacements</a>,<em>J. Eng. Med.</em>,<strong>2015</strong>,<em>229</em>, 245-254</p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0928493114007073" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B52%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:74px; width:100px" />Nanoscale crystallinity modulates cell proliferation on plasma sprayed surfaces</a>,<em>Mater. Sci. Eng. C</em>,<strong>2015</strong>,<em>48</em>, 5-10</p><p><a href="https://www.journals.uio.no/index.php/bioimpedance/article/view/869" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B51%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:52px; width:100px" />Transient bioimpedance monitoring of mechanotransduction in artificial tissue during indentation</a>,<em>J. Elec. Bioimped.</em>,<strong>2014</strong>,<em>5</em>, 55-73</p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1751616114001222" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B48%5D%20thumbnail(1).JPG" style="height:61px; width:100px" />Mechanical properties of alginate hydrogels manufactured using external gelation</a>,<em>J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater.</em>,<strong>2014</strong>,<em>36</em>, 135-142</p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1751616113004207" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B46%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:65px; width:100px" />Development of a synovial fluid analogue with bio-relevant rheology for wear testing of orthopaedic implants</a>,<em>J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater.</em>,<strong>2014</strong>,<em>32</em>, 177-184</p><p><a href="http://pubs.rsc.org/en/Content/ArticleLanding/2013/BM/C3BM60159E" rel="nofollow"><em><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B45%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:57px; width:100px" />In situ</em>-forming robust chitosan hydrogels prepared by copper-free azide-alkyne reaction for tissue engineering</a>,<em>Biomater. Sci.</em>,<strong>2014</strong>,<em>2</em>, 167-175</p><p><a href="http://pubs.rsc.org/en/Content/ArticleLanding/2013/BM/C3BM60102A" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B44%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:92px; width:100px" />A novel method for monitoring mineralisation in hydrogels at the engineered hard/soft tissue interface</a>,<em>Biomater. Sci.</em>,<strong>2014</strong>,<em>2</em>, 41-51</p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0927776513003962" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B42%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:78px; width:100px" />Structural changes to resorbable calcium phosphate bioceramic aged<em>in vitro</em></a>,<em>Colloid. Surface. B.</em>,<strong>2013</strong>,<em>111</em>, 469-478</p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169433213004662" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B36%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:88px; width:100px" />Active screen plasma nitriding enhances cell attachment to polymer surfaces</a>,<em>Appl. Surf. Sci.</em>,<strong>2013</strong>,<em>273</em>, 787-798</p><p><a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cbic.201100200/abstract" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B19%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:95px; width:100px" />Engineering biofilms for biocatalysis</a>,<em>ChemBioChem</em>,<strong>2011</strong>,<em>12</em>, 1391-1395</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h3><strong>Personal Care</strong></h3><p><a href="http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2051-672X/4/2/024008" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B64%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:73px; width:100px" />Friction and wear of human hair fibres</a>,&nbsp;<em>Surf. Topogr. Metrol. Prop.</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2016</strong>,&nbsp;<em>4</em>, 024008</p><p><a href="http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.3109/02652048.2013.871359" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B50%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:76px; width:100px" />Adhesion of perfume-filled microcapsules to model fabric surfaces</a>,<em>J. Microencapsul.</em>,<strong>2014</strong>,<em>31</em>, 430-439</p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0260877413001295" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B38%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:70px; width:100px" />The effect of temperature on adhesion forces between surfaces and model foods containing whey protein and sugar</a>,<em>J. Food Eng.</em>,<strong>2013</strong>,<em>118</em>, 371-379</p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0927775712007662" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B34%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:92px; width:100px" />Controlling thin liquid film viscosity via modification of substrate surface chemistry</a>,<em>Colloid. Surface. A,</em><strong>2013</strong>,<em>418</em>, 112-116</p><p><a href="http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01694243.2012.727169" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B31%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:75px; width:100px" />Measurement of the adhesion force between single melamine formaldehyde micro-particles and a flat fabric surface using AFM</a>,<em>J. Adh. Sci. Technol.</em>,<strong>2013</strong>,<em>27</em>, 973-987</p><p><a href="http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/la202060f" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B22%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:66px; width:100px" />Application of colloid probe atomic force microscopy to the adhesion of thin films of viscous and viscoelastic silicone fluids</a>,<em>Langmuir</em>,<strong>2011</strong>,<em>27</em>, 11489-11500</p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167931710005204" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B20%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:61px; width:100px" />Micro squeeze flow rheometer for high frequency analysis of nano-litre volumes of viscoelastic fluid</a>,<em>Microelectronic Eng.</em>,<strong>2011</strong>,<em>88</em>, 1726-1729</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h3><strong>Advanced Materials</strong></h3><p><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0141391018304166" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B88%5D%20Thumbnail.JPG" style="width:100px; height:64px" />The stability and degradation of PECVD fluoropolymer nanofilms</a>,&nbsp;<em>Polym. Degrad. Stabil.</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2019</strong>,&nbsp;<em>160</em>, 203-209</p><p><a href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsnano.8b00903" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B82%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="width:100px; height:116px" />Plasma jet printing and in situ reduction of highly acidic graphene oxide</a>,<em>ACS Nano</em>,<strong>2018</strong>,<em>12</em>, 5473-5481</p><p><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004060901730809X" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B81%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="width:100px; height:92px" />Twisting fatigue in multilayer films of Ag-alloy with indium tin oxide on polyethylene terephthalate for flexible electronics devices</a>,<em>Thin Solid Films</em>,<strong>2018</strong>,<em>645</em>, 241-252</p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0927776517306008" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B77%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="width:100px; height:74px" />Functionalisation of Ti6Al4V and hydroxyapatite surfaces with combined peptides based on KKLPDA and EEEEEEEE peptide aptamers</a>,<em>Colloid. Surface. B</em>,<strong>2017</strong>,<em>160</em>, 154-160</p><p><a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ibi.12527/abstract" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B76%5D%20thumbnail.jpg" style="width:100px; height:78px" />A rare mineral, vaterite, acts as a shock absorber in the eggshell of a communally nesting bird</a>,<em>Ibis</em></p><p><a href="http://aip.scitation.org/doi/full/10.1063/1.4989612" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B75%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="width:100px; height:67px" />Liquid-like behaviour of gold nanowire bridges</a>,<em>Appl. Phys. Lett.</em>,<strong>2017</strong>,<em>111</em>, 073104</p><p><a href="http://pubs.rsc.org/en/Content/ArticleLanding/2017/RA/C7RA07915J" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B74%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="width:100px; height:56px" /></a><a href="http://pubs.rsc.org/en/Content/ArticleLanding/2017/RA/C7RA07915J" rel="nofollow">Facile synthesis of novel hybrid POSS biomolecules via a&ldquo;click&rdquo; reaction</a>,<em>RSC Adv.</em>,<strong>2017</strong>,<em>7</em>, 37474-37477</p><p><a href="http://avs.scitation.org/doi/full/10.1116/1.4990026" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B73%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="width:100px; height:76px" />Room temperature thermally evaporated thin Au film on Si suitable for application of thiol self-assembled monolayers in MEMS/NEMS sensors</a>,&nbsp;<em>J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2017</strong>,&nbsp;<em>35</em>, 041514</p><p><a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/polb.24254/full" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B68%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:101px; width:100px" />Confirmation of a nanohybrid shish-kebab (NHSK) structure in composites of PET and MWCNTs</a>,<em>J. Polym. Sci. B: Polym. Phys.</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2017</strong>,&nbsp;<em>55</em>, 132-137</p><p><a href="http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2016/nr/c5nr08789a" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B61%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:58px; width:100px" /></a><a href="http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2016/nr/c5nr08789a" rel="nofollow">On the origin and magnitude of surface stresses due to metal nanofilms</a>,&nbsp;<em>Nanoscale</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2016</strong>,&nbsp;<em>8</em>, 4245-4251</p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004060901500930X" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B59%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:78px; width:100px" />Mechanical properties of amorphous indium-gallium-zinc oxide thin films on compliant substrates for flexible optoelectronic devices</a>,&nbsp;<em>Thin Solid Films</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2015</strong>,&nbsp;<em>594</em>, 197-204</p><p><a href="http://iopscience.iop.org/2053-1591/2/6/065301/article" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B57%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:49px; width:100px" />Multiscale patterning of nanocomposite polyelectrolyte/nanoparticle films using inkjet printing and AFM scratching</a>,&nbsp;<em>Mater. Res. Exp.</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2015</strong>,&nbsp;<em>2</em>, 065301</p><p><a href="http://iopscience.iop.org/2053-1591/2/5/055005/" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B55%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:48px; width:100px" />Effects of current on early stages of focused ion beam nano-machining</a>,&nbsp;<em>Mater. Res. Exp.</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2015</strong>,&nbsp;<em>2</em>, 055005</p><p><a href="http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ph500197j" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B53%5D%20thumbnail(1).JPG" style="height:78px; width:100px" />Graphene based ultra-thin flat lenses</a>,&nbsp;<em>ACS Photonics</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2015</strong>,&nbsp;<em>2</em>, 200-207</p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167931714000574" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B47%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:47px; width:100px" />The effects of dwell time on focused ion beam machining of silicon</a>,&nbsp;<em>Microelectronic Eng.</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2014</strong>,&nbsp;<em>121</em>, 24-26&nbsp;</p><p><a href="http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00397-013-0707-5" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B41%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:78px; width:100px" />Spherical indentation analysis of stress relaxation for thin film viscoelastic materials</a>,&nbsp;<em>Rheol. Acta</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2013</strong>,&nbsp;<em>52</em>, 695-706</p><p><a href="http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2013/cp/c3cp42104j" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B40%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:58px; width:100px" />Different formation kinetics and photoisomerization behaviour of self-assembled monolayers of thiols and dithiolanes bearing azobenzene moieties</a>,&nbsp;<em>Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2013</strong>,&nbsp;<em>15</em>, 11014-11024</p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0927775713003841" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B39%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:95px; width:100px" />Controlling gold nanoparticle assembly on electron beam-reduced nitrophenyl self-assembled monolayers via electron dose</a>,&nbsp;<em>Colloid. Surface. A</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2013</strong>,&nbsp;<em>433</em>, 181-190</p><p><a href="http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2013/sm/c3sm50706h" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B37%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:65px; width:100px" />Optimised determination of viscoelastic properties using compliant measurement systems</a>,&nbsp;<em>Soft Matter</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2013</strong>,&nbsp;<em>9</em>, 5581-5593</p><p><a href="http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2013/sm/c2sm26502h" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B33%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:71px; width:100px" />Degradation of thin polymer films</a>,&nbsp;<em>Soft Matter</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2013</strong>,&nbsp;<em>9</em>, 344-358</p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167931712001062" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B28%5D%20thumbnail(1).JPG" style="height:51px; width:100px" />Direct e-beam lithography of PDMS</a>,&nbsp;<em>Microelectronic Eng.</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2012</strong>,&nbsp;<em>97</em>, 34-37</p><p><a href="http://iopscience.iop.org/1748-3190/7/4/044001/" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B27%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:91px; width:100px" />Rapid manufacture of monolithic micro-actuated forceps inspired by Echinoderm pedicillariae</a>,&nbsp;<em>Bioinsp. Biomim.</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2012</strong>,&nbsp;<em>7</em>, 044001</p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0141391011000164" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B15%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:68px; width:100px" />Characteristics and durability of fluoropolymer thin films</a>,&nbsp;<em>Polym. Degrad. Stabil.</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2011</strong>,&nbsp;<em>96</em>, 561-565</p><p><a href="http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/la901038g" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B7%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:107px; width:100px" />Physicochemical properties of (ethylene glycol)-containing self-assembled monolayers relevant for protein and algal cell resistance</a>,&nbsp;<em>Langmuir</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2009</strong>, 25, 10077-10082</p><p><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040609007018524" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B4%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:80px; width:100px" />The pH-dependent adhesion of nanoparticles to self-assembled monolayers on gold</a>,&nbsp;<em>Thin Solid Films</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2008</strong>,&nbsp;<em>516</em>, 2987-2999</p><p><a href="http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2007/jm/b712687e" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B2%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:68px; width:100px" />Fabrication of a nanoparticle gradient substrate by thermochemical manipulation of an ester functionalized SAM</a>,&nbsp;<em>J. Mater. Chem.</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2007</strong>,&nbsp;<em>17</em>, 5097-5110</p><p><a href="http://rsif.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/4/14/473" rel="nofollow"><img alt="" src="http://www.open.ac.uk/people/sites/www.open.ac.uk.people/files/images/%5B1%5D%20thumbnail.JPG" style="height:74px; width:100px" />The influence of surface lubricity on the adhesion of&nbsp;<em>Navicula perminuta</em>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<em>Ulva linza</em>&nbsp;to alkanethiol self-assembled monolayers</a>,&nbsp;<em>J. R. Soc. Interface</em>,&nbsp;<strong>2007</strong>,&nbsp;<em>4</em>, 473-477</p><p>&nbsp;</p>
c3baa1aae2495d9fcf383c433b46bfe0 hasMembership faculty-of-science,-technology,-engineering&mathematics
c3baa1aae2495d9fcf383c433b46bfe0 biography <p>James is from the UK, where he studied chemical engineering at the University of Birmingham. He completed his PhD researching<a href="http://www.academia.edu/9827332/NanoAdhesion_Investigating_nanoscale_adhesion_using_self-assembled_monolayers" rel="nofollow">nanoscale adhesion</a>in 2006, studying in the School of Chemistry at the same university under the supervision of Prof. Jon Preece and Prof. Kevin Kendall FRS. He then researched the adhesive and rheological properties of liquid nanofilms, working for Prof. Mike Adams and Prof. Zhibing Zhang; the project was funded by Unilever.</p><p>From 2009-2014 he designed and managed the ERDF-funded Science City Advanced Materials Laboratory, during which time he worked with 50 companies on 90 projects. From 2014-2020 he was the&nbsp;director of<a href="http://www.boweninstruments.co.uk" rel="nofollow">Bowen Instruments Ltd</a>, which designed&nbsp;and manufactured&nbsp;bespoke scientific instruments and accessories.&nbsp;In 2015 he took up a lectureship in the School of Engineering and Innovation at the Open University, since which time he has developed his research group and expanded cross-disciplinary collaboration within the STEM Faculty.</p><p>James&rsquo; expertise encompasses&nbsp;a wide range of topics including bionanotechnology, soft matter, adhesion, and surface engineering. He is particularly interested in developing new materials characterisation techniques, methods in atomic force microscopy,&nbsp;and nanoscale tribological testing. His group and collaborators are investigating novel materials and surface treatments for regenerative medicine, the acoustic properties of nanostructured surfaces, structure-property relationships in avian eggshells, and microwave heating for lunar habitat manufacture.</p><p>James is currently leading cross-disciplinary collaborative efforts within the School of Engineering and Innovation to develop novel geoengineering methods. Focus areas include carbon dioxide sequestration, energy storage, ocean clean-up, sustainable packaging, and low carbon&nbsp;construction&nbsp;technologies. All of these are low-cost&nbsp;techniques&nbsp;which can be implemented globally.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2><strong>Bespoke Measurement Capabilities</strong></h2><p>High Stiffness AFM Cantilevers</p><p>Rheological Properties via Indentation</p><p>Simultaneous Calorimetry and XRD</p><p>Single Fibre Nanoscale Tribology</p><p>Thin Liquid Film Adhesive Properties</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2><strong>Current Group&nbsp;Members</strong></h2><p>Sunil Hettiarachchi (2018):&nbsp;Nanoparticle and bio-lubricant additives for engine wear reduction</p><p>Irene Dong (2017): Acoustic testing of engineered materials and surfaces</p><p>Vibha Levin Prabhu&nbsp;(2015):&nbsp;Microwave processing of particulate minerals&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2><strong>Group&nbsp;Alumni</strong></h2><p>Yachen Jiang (2018-2019):&nbsp;Microwave sintering as a fabrication method for extra-terrestrial construction</p><p>Gabriela Melo Rodriguez (2014-2017): Enhancement of titanium alloy bioactivity via peptide and hydroxyapatite coatings&nbsp;</p><p>Shital Lungare (2013-2016):&nbsp;Nasal delivery of Amantidine for the treatment of Parkinson&#39;s disease using thermoresponsive biocompatible gels</p><p>Thomas Mueller (2012-2016):&nbsp;Systems for measuring B cell receptor affinity maturation in germinal centres</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2><strong>Equipment Innovations</strong></h2><p>Custom vessels and moulds for hydrogel manufacture</p><p>Environmental chambers; for sample storage and controlled exposure to incident light</p><p>Flask covers; for minimising evaporative loss and preventing contamination</p><p>Platforms and sample holders for bespoke test conditions</p><p>Portable incubators; temperature, humidity, and CO<sub>2</sub>&nbsp;control</p><p>Portable humidity generators; temperature&nbsp;and humidity control</p><p>Tribometers; for investigating&nbsp;friction, lubrication, and wear</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2><strong>PhD Projects&nbsp;Available</strong></h2><p>Chemical modification of polymer surfaces using plasma processing</p><p>Enhanced biocompatibility of medical grade titanium alloy surfaces</p><p>Exploring biomaterial stability and durability&nbsp;<em>in vitro</em></p><p>Properties&nbsp;of metallic liquid bridges</p><p>Synthesis of novel organosilicon nanoparticles&nbsp;</p><p>The effect of silicone molecular architecture on adhesion, tribology, and lithography</p><p>&nbsp;</p>
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c3baa1aae2495d9fcf383c433b46bfe0 name James Bowen
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c3baa1aae2495d9fcf383c433b46bfe0 name J. Bowen
c3baa1aae2495d9fcf383c433b46bfe0 name James Bowen
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c3baa1aae2495d9fcf383c433b46bfe0 page https://www.iom3.org/
c3baa1aae2495d9fcf383c433b46bfe0 page https://www.rms.org.uk/
c3baa1aae2495d9fcf383c433b46bfe0 page https://www.theiet.org/
c3baa1aae2495d9fcf383c433b46bfe0 title Dr
c3baa1aae2495d9fcf383c433b46bfe0 work info homepage jb36559
c3baa1aae2495d9fcf383c433b46bfe0 Description <p>James is from the UK, where he studied chemical engineering at the University of Birmingham. He completed his PhD researching<a href="http://www.academia.edu/9827332/NanoAdhesion_Investigating_nanoscale_adhesion_using_self-assembled_monolayers" rel="nofollow">nanoscale adhesion</a>in 2006, studying in the School of Chemistry at the same university under the supervision of Prof. Jon Preece and Prof. Kevin Kendall FRS. He then researched the adhesive and rheological properties of liquid nanofilms, working for Prof. Mike Adams and Prof. Zhibing Zhang; the project was funded by Unilever.</p><p>From 2009-2014 he designed and managed the ERDF-funded Science City Advanced Materials Laboratory, during which time he worked with 50 companies on 90 projects. From 2014-2020 he was the&nbsp;director of<a href="http://www.boweninstruments.co.uk" rel="nofollow">Bowen Instruments Ltd</a>, which designed&nbsp;and manufactured&nbsp;bespoke scientific instruments and accessories.&nbsp;In 2015 he took up a lectureship in the School of Engineering and Innovation at the Open University, since which time he has developed his research group and expanded cross-disciplinary collaboration within the STEM Faculty.</p><p>James&rsquo; expertise encompasses&nbsp;a wide range of topics including bionanotechnology, soft matter, adhesion, and surface engineering. He is particularly interested in developing new materials characterisation techniques, methods in atomic force microscopy,&nbsp;and nanoscale tribological testing. His group and collaborators are investigating novel materials and surface treatments for regenerative medicine, the acoustic properties of nanostructured surfaces, structure-property relationships in avian eggshells, and microwave heating for lunar habitat manufacture.</p><p>James is currently leading cross-disciplinary collaborative efforts within the School of Engineering and Innovation to develop novel geoengineering methods. Focus areas include carbon dioxide sequestration, energy storage, ocean clean-up, sustainable packaging, and low carbon&nbsp;construction&nbsp;technologies. All of these are low-cost&nbsp;techniques&nbsp;which can be implemented globally.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2><strong>Bespoke Measurement Capabilities</strong></h2><p>High Stiffness AFM Cantilevers</p><p>Rheological Properties via Indentation</p><p>Simultaneous Calorimetry and XRD</p><p>Single Fibre Nanoscale Tribology</p><p>Thin Liquid Film Adhesive Properties</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2><strong>Current Group&nbsp;Members</strong></h2><p>Sunil Hettiarachchi (2018):&nbsp;Nanoparticle and bio-lubricant additives for engine wear reduction</p><p>Irene Dong (2017): Acoustic testing of engineered materials and surfaces</p><p>Vibha Levin Prabhu&nbsp;(2015):&nbsp;Microwave processing of particulate minerals&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2><strong>Group&nbsp;Alumni</strong></h2><p>Yachen Jiang (2018-2019):&nbsp;Microwave sintering as a fabrication method for extra-terrestrial construction</p><p>Gabriela Melo Rodriguez (2014-2017): Enhancement of titanium alloy bioactivity via peptide and hydroxyapatite coatings&nbsp;</p><p>Shital Lungare (2013-2016):&nbsp;Nasal delivery of Amantidine for the treatment of Parkinson&#39;s disease using thermoresponsive biocompatible gels</p><p>Thomas Mueller (2012-2016):&nbsp;Systems for measuring B cell receptor affinity maturation in germinal centres</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2><strong>Equipment Innovations</strong></h2><p>Custom vessels and moulds for hydrogel manufacture</p><p>Environmental chambers; for sample storage and controlled exposure to incident light</p><p>Flask covers; for minimising evaporative loss and preventing contamination</p><p>Platforms and sample holders for bespoke test conditions</p><p>Portable incubators; temperature, humidity, and CO<sub>2</sub>&nbsp;control</p><p>Portable humidity generators; temperature&nbsp;and humidity control</p><p>Tribometers; for investigating&nbsp;friction, lubrication, and wear</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2><strong>PhD Projects&nbsp;Available</strong></h2><p>Chemical modification of polymer surfaces using plasma processing</p><p>Enhanced biocompatibility of medical grade titanium alloy surfaces</p><p>Exploring biomaterial stability and durability&nbsp;<em>in vitro</em></p><p>Properties&nbsp;of metallic liquid bridges</p><p>Synthesis of novel organosilicon nanoparticles&nbsp;</p><p>The effect of silicone molecular architecture on adhesion, tribology, and lithography</p><p>&nbsp;</p>
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