First Bulgarian Empire

The First Bulgarian Empire (Church Slavonic: блъгарьско цѣсарьствиѥ, romanized: blagarysko tsesarystviye; Bulgarian: Първо българско царство) was a medieval Bulgar-Slavic and later Bulgarian state that existed in Southeastern Europe between the 7th and 11th centuries AD. It was founded in 680–681 after part of the Bulgars, led by Asparuh, moved south to the northeastern Balkans. There they secured Byzantine recognition of their right to settle south of the Danube by defeating – possibly with the help of local South Slavic tribes – the Byzantine army led by Constantine IV. During the 9th and 10th century, Bulgaria at the height of its power spread from the Danube Bend to the Black Sea and from the Dnieper River to the Adriatic Sea and became an important power in the region competing with t

Alt: enA medieval church; enA page of a medieval manuscript
Caption: enKhan Krum defeats the Byzantine Emperor Nicephorus I in the battle of the Varbitsa Pass, Manasses Chronicle; enKhan Krum feasts with the skull cup of Nicephorus after the victory at the Varbitsa Pass, Manasses Chronicle
Comment: enThe First Bulgarian Empire (Church Slavonic: блъгарьско цѣсарьствиѥ, romanized: blagarysko tsesarystviye; Bulgarian: Първо българско царство) was a medieval Bulgar-Slavic and later Bulgarian state that existed in Southeastern Europe between the 7th and 11th centuries AD. It was founded in 680–681 after part of the Bulgars, led by Asparuh, moved south to the northeastern Balkans. There they secured Byzantine recognition of their right to settle south of the Danube by defeating – possibly with the help of local South Slavic tribes – the Byzantine army led by Constantine IV. During the 9th and 10th century, Bulgaria at the height of its power spread from the Danube Bend to the Black Sea and from the Dnieper River to the Adriatic Sea and became an important power in the region competing with t
ConventionalLongName: enBulgarian Empire
DateEvent: 864; 893
DatePre: 680
Demonym: enBulgarian
Demonym: Bulgarians
Depiction
DifferentFrom: Old Great Bulgaria
Direction: envertical
Era: enMiddle Ages
Event: enAdoption of Old Bulgarian as a national language; enSimeon I assumes the title of Tsar; Christianization of Bulgaria
EventEnd: enTheme Bulgaria established in Byzantine Empire
EventPre: enAsparuh arrives and defeats Eastern Roman Empire at the Battle of Ongal
EventStart: enNew Bulgarian state recognized by Eastern Roman Empire
Footer: enAbove: Church of St. Sophia, Ohrid Below: Church of Our Lady, Kostur
GovernmentType: Absolute monarchy; Autocracy
Government type: Absolute monarchy; Autocracy
Has abstract: enThe First Bulgarian Empire (Church Slavonic: блъгарьско цѣсарьствиѥ, romanized: blagarysko tsesarystviye; Bulgarian: Първо българско царство) was a medieval Bulgar-Slavic and later Bulgarian state that existed in Southeastern Europe between the 7th and 11th centuries AD. It was founded in 680–681 after part of the Bulgars, led by Asparuh, moved south to the northeastern Balkans. There they secured Byzantine recognition of their right to settle south of the Danube by defeating – possibly with the help of local South Slavic tribes – the Byzantine army led by Constantine IV. During the 9th and 10th century, Bulgaria at the height of its power spread from the Danube Bend to the Black Sea and from the Dnieper River to the Adriatic Sea and became an important power in the region competing with the Byzantine Empire. It became the foremost cultural and spiritual centre of south Slavic Europe throughout most of the Middle Ages. As the state solidified its position in the Balkans, it entered into a centuries-long interaction, sometimes friendly and sometimes hostile, with the Byzantine Empire. Bulgaria emerged as Byzantium's chief antagonist to its north, resulting in several wars. The two powers also enjoyed periods of peace and alliance, most notably during the Second Arab Siege of Constantinople, where the Bulgarian army broke the siege and destroyed the Arab army, thus preventing an Arab invasion of Southeastern Europe. Byzantium had a strong cultural influence on Bulgaria, which also led to the eventual adoption of Christianity in 864. After the disintegration of the Avar Khaganate, the country expanded its territory northwest to the Pannonian Plain. Later the Bulgarians confronted the advance of the Pechenegs and Cumans, and achieved a decisive victory over the Magyars, forcing them to establish themselves permanently in Pannonia. The ruling Bulgars and other non-Slavic tribes in the empire gradually mixed and adopted the prevailing Slavic language, thus gradually forming the Bulgarian nation from the 7th to the 10th century. Since the 10th century, the demonym Bulgarian gained prevalence and became permanent designations for the local population, both in literature and in common parlance. The development of Old Church Slavonic literacy had the effect of preventing the assimilation of the South Slavs into neighbouring cultures, while stimulating the formation of a distinct Bulgarian identity. After the adoption of Christianity, Bulgaria became the cultural center of Slavic Europe. Its leading cultural position was further consolidated with the adoption of the Glagolitic alphabet, the invention of the Early Cyrillic alphabet shortly after in the capital Preslav, and the literature produced in Old Church Slavonic soon began spreading north. Old Church Slavonic became the lingua franca of much of Eastern Europe. In 927, the fully independent Bulgarian Patriarchate was officially recognized. During the late 9th and early 10th centuries, Simeon I achieved a string of victories over the Byzantines. Thereafter, he was recognized with the title of Emperor, and proceeded to expand the state to its greatest extent. After the annihilation of the Byzantine army in the Battle of Anchialus in 917, the Bulgarians laid siege to Constantinople in 923 and 924. The Byzantines eventually recovered, and in 1014, under Basil II "the Bulgar Slayer", a crushing defeat was inflicted on the Bulgarians at the Battle of Kleidion. By 1018, the last Bulgarian strongholds had surrendered to the Byzantine Empire, and the First Bulgarian Empire had ceased to exist. It was succeeded by the Second Bulgarian Empire in 1185.
Hypernym: State
Image: enKastoria Panagia Koumbelidiki.jpg; enOhrid $ .JPG; 51; 52
ImageMap: enFile:Balkans850.png
ImageMapCaption: enFirst Bulgarian Empire in 850
ImageP: 20
ImageS: 20
Is primary topic of: First Bulgarian Empire
Label: enFirst Bulgarian Empire
Leader: Asparuh of Bulgaria; Ivan Vladislav of Bulgaria
Link from a Wikipage to an external page: www.academia.edu/12545004; books.google.com/books%3Fid=EbIyAQAAQBAJ; books.google.com/books%3Fid=_-G1L-9Zec0C&pg=PA351; books.google.com/books%3Fid=RlBoAAAAMAAJ; archive.org/details/historyofbyzanti00greg; www.promacedonia.org/vb3/index.htm; www.promacedonia.org/da/index.html; www.promacedonia.org/en/sr/index.html; www.promacedonia.org/gibi/3/index.html; www.promacedonia.org/gibi/4/index.html; www.promacedonia.org/gibi/5/index.html; www.promacedonia.org/gibi/6/index.html; www.promacedonia.org/libi/3/index.html; www.promacedonia.org/vz1a/index.html; www.promacedonia.org/vz1b/index.html; archive.org/details/indoeuropeanlang00ivbe; www.promacedonia.org/en/sr/sr_3_1.htm; hgsoe.ios-regensburg.de/fileadmin/doc/texte/Band1/Ziemann_Das_Erste_Bulgarische_Reich.pdf
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Name: enBulgarian Empire
P: enByzantine Empire under the Heraclian dynasty; enOld Great Bulgaria
S: enByzantine Empire under the Macedonian dynasty; enSecond Bulgarian Empire
SameAs: Berençe Bolğar patşalığı; Birinchi Bulgʻor podsholigi; Birinci Bulgar İmparatorluğu; Birinci Bulqar dövləti; Bulgariako Lehen Inperioa; Céad Impireacht na Bulgáire; Det første bulgarske riket; Det første bulgarske riket; Eerste Bulgaarse Rijk; Első dunai bolgár birodalom; Empayar Bulgaria Pertama; Ensimmäinen Bulgarian valtakunta; Esimene Bulgaaria tsaaririik; First Bulgarian Empire; First Bulgarian Empire; First Bulgarie Empire; Första bulgariska riket; Første bulgarske rige; Historia Bułgarii (681–1018); Kekaisaran Bulgaria Pertama; m.086b7g; Pirmā Bulgārijas cariste; Pirmoji Bulgarijos imperija; Premier Empire bulgare; Primeiro Império Búlgaro; Primer Imperi Búlgar; Primer Imperio Bulgaro; Primer Imperio búlgaro; Primer Imperiu búlgaru; Primo Impero bulgaro; Primul Țarat Bulgar; Primum imperium Bulgaricum; Prvá bulharská ríša; První bulharská říše; Prvo bolgarsko cesarstvo; Prvo Bugarsko Carstvo; Prvo Bugarsko Carstvo; Prvo Bugarsko Carstvo; Q203817; Unesma Bulgara imperio; wxhZ; Đệ Nhất Đế quốc Bulgaria; Πρώτη Βουλγαρική Αυτοκρατορία; Беренсе Болгар батшалығы; Болгарийы Фыццаг паддзахад; Первое Болгарское царство; Першае Балгарскае царства; Перше Болгарське царство; Прво Бугарско Царство; Прво бугарско царство; Първа българска държава; Բուլղարական առաջին կայսրություն; האימפריה הבולגרית הראשונה; الإمبراطورية البلغارية الأولى; امپراتوری نخست بلغارستان; بیرینجی بولقار ایمپراتورلوغو; سلطنت بلغاریا اول; سلطنت بلغاریہ اول; முதலாம் பல்கேரிய பேரரசு; จักรวรรดิบัลแกเรียที่ 1; ბულგარეთის პირველი იმპერია; 保加利亚第一帝国; 第一次ブルガリア帝国; 불가리아 제1제국
SeeAlso: Krum; Old Church Slavonic; Simeon I of Bulgaria; Sviatoslav's invasion of Bulgaria; Thracians
StatArea: 240000; 400000
StatYear: 850; 950
Subject: Category:1018 disestablishments in Europe; Category:10th century in Bulgaria; Category:11th century in Bulgaria; Category:681 establishments; Category:7th century in Bulgaria; Category:8th century in Bulgaria; Category:9th century in Bulgaria; Category:Albania under the Bulgarian Empire; Category:Bulgarian Empire; Category:Christian states; Category:First Bulgarian Empire; Category:Former countries; Category:Former countries in the Balkans; Category:Former empires in Europe; Category:Former Slavic countries; Category:Medieval Bulgaria; Category:Medieval Macedonia; Category:Moldova in the Early Middle Ages; Category:Romania in the Early Middle Ages; Category:States and territories disestablished in 1018; Category:States and territories established in the 680s
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TitleLeader: List of Bulgarian monarchs
WasDerivedFrom: First Bulgarian Empire?oldid=1124811091&ns=0
Width: 220
WikiPageLength: 146201
Wikipage page ID: 2843775
Wikipage revision ID: 1124811091
WikiPageUsesTemplate: Template:Authority control; Template:Barbarian kingdoms; Template:Bulgarian Empire; Template:Bulgaria topics; Template:Cite book; Template:Cnote2; Template:Cnote2 Begin; Template:Cnote2 End; Template:Commons category-inline; Template:Cref2; Template:Distinguish; Template:Div col; Template:Div col end; Template:Empires; Template:Harvid; Template:History of Bulgaria; Template:Infobox country; Template:Main; Template:Middle Ages; Template:Multiple image; Template:Nbsp; Template:Portal bar; Template:Quote; Template:Refbegin; Template:Refend; Template:Reflist; Template:See also; Template:Sfn; Template:Short description; Template:Snds; Template:Transl; Template:Ubl; Template:Use dmy dates
YearEnd: 1018
YearLeader: 1015; 681
YearStart: 681

First Bulgarian Empire

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