Action

An action performed by a direct agent and indirect participants upon a direct object. Optionally happens at a location with the help of an inanimate instrument. The execution of the action may produce a result. Specific action sub-type documentation specifies the exact expectation of each argument/role.\n\nSee also [blog post](http://blog.schema.org/2014/04/announcing-schemaorg-actions.html) and [Actions overview document](https://schema.org/docs/actions.html).

Comment
An action performed by a direct agent and indirect participants upon a direct object. Optionally happens at a location with the help of an inanimate instrument. The execution of the action may produce a result. Specific action sub-type documentation specifies the exact expectation of each argument/role.\n\nSee also [blog post](http://blog.schema.org/2014/04/announcing-schemaorg-actions.html) and [Actions overview document](https://schema.org/docs/actions.html).
Contributor
ActionCollabClass
Label
Action
SubClassOf
Thing

actionProcess

Description of the process by which the action was performed.

Comment
Description of the process by which the action was performed.
DomainIncludes
Action
Label
actionProcess
RangeIncludes
HowTo

actionStatus

Indicates the current disposition of the Action.

Comment
Indicates the current disposition of the Action.
DomainIncludes
Action
Label
actionStatus
RangeIncludes
ActionStatusType

additionalType

An additional type for the item, typically used for adding more specific types from external vocabularies in microdata syntax. This is a relationship between something and a class that the thing is in. Typically the value is a URI-identified RDF class, and in this case corresponds to the use of rdf:type in RDF. Text values can be used sparingly, for cases where useful information can be added without their being an appropriate schema to reference. In the case of text values, the class label should follow the schema.org <a href="https://schema.org/docs/styleguide.html">style guide</a>.

Comment
An additional type for the item, typically used for adding more specific types from external vocabularies in microdata syntax. This is a relationship between something and a class that the thing is in. Typically the value is a URI-identified RDF class, and in this case corresponds to the use of rdf:type in RDF. Text values can be used sparingly, for cases where useful information can be added without their being an appropriate schema to reference. In the case of text values, the class label should follow the schema.org <a href="https://schema.org/docs/styleguide.html">style guide</a>.
DomainIncludes
Thing
Label
additionalType
RangeIncludes
Text
URL
SubPropertyOf
type

agent

The direct performer or driver of the action (animate or inanimate). E.g. *John* wrote a book.

Comment
The direct performer or driver of the action (animate or inanimate). E.g. *John* wrote a book.
DomainIncludes
Action
Label
agent
RangeIncludes
Organization
Person

alternateName

An alias for the item.

Comment
An alias for the item.
DomainIncludes
Thing
Label
alternateName
RangeIncludes
Text

description

A description of the item.

Comment
A description of the item.
DomainIncludes
Thing
EquivalentProperty
Description
Label
description
RangeIncludes
Text
TextObject

disambiguatingDescription

A sub property of description. A short description of the item used to disambiguate from other, similar items. Information from other properties (in particular, name) may be necessary for the description to be useful for disambiguation.

Comment
A sub property of description. A short description of the item used to disambiguate from other, similar items. Information from other properties (in particular, name) may be necessary for the description to be useful for disambiguation.
DomainIncludes
Thing
Label
disambiguatingDescription
RangeIncludes
Text
SubPropertyOf
description

endTime

The endTime of something. For a reserved event or service (e.g. FoodEstablishmentReservation), the time that it is expected to end. For actions that span a period of time, when the action was performed. E.g. John wrote a book from January to *December*. For media, including audio and video, it's the time offset of the end of a clip within a larger file.\n\nNote that Event uses startDate/endDate instead of startTime/endTime, even when describing dates with times. This situation may be clarified in future revisions.

Comment
The endTime of something. For a reserved event or service (e.g. FoodEstablishmentReservation), the time that it is expected to end. For actions that span a period of time, when the action was performed. E.g. John wrote a book from January to *December*. For media, including audio and video, it's the time offset of the end of a clip within a larger file.\n\nNote that Event uses startDate/endDate instead of startTime/endTime, even when describing dates with times. This situation may be clarified in future revisions.
DomainIncludes
Action
FoodEstablishmentReservation
InteractionCounter
MediaObject
Schedule
Label
endTime
RangeIncludes
DateTime
Time
Source
2493

error

For failed actions, more information on the cause of the failure.

Comment
For failed actions, more information on the cause of the failure.
DomainIncludes
Action
Label
error
RangeIncludes
Thing

identifier

The identifier property represents any kind of identifier for any kind of [[Thing]], such as ISBNs, GTIN codes, UUIDs etc. Schema.org provides dedicated properties for representing many of these, either as textual strings or as URL (URI) links. See [background notes](/docs/datamodel.html#identifierBg) for more details.

Comment
The identifier property represents any kind of identifier for any kind of [[Thing]], such as ISBNs, GTIN codes, UUIDs etc. Schema.org provides dedicated properties for representing many of these, either as textual strings or as URL (URI) links. See [background notes](/docs/datamodel.html#identifierBg) for more details.
DomainIncludes
Thing
EquivalentProperty
Identifier
Label
identifier
RangeIncludes
PropertyValue
Text
URL

image

An image of the item. This can be a [[URL]] or a fully described [[ImageObject]].

Comment
An image of the item. This can be a [[URL]] or a fully described [[ImageObject]].
DomainIncludes
Thing
Label
image
RangeIncludes
ImageObject
URL

instrument

The object that helped the agent perform the action. E.g. John wrote a book with *a pen*.

Comment
The object that helped the agent perform the action. E.g. John wrote a book with *a pen*.
DomainIncludes
Action
Label
instrument
RangeIncludes
Thing

location

The location of, for example, where an event is happening, where an organization is located, or where an action takes place.

Comment
The location of, for example, where an event is happening, where an organization is located, or where an action takes place.
DomainIncludes
Action
Event
InteractionCounter
Organization
Label
location
RangeIncludes
Place
PostalAddress
Text
VirtualLocation

mainEntityOfPage

Indicates a page (or other CreativeWork) for which this thing is the main entity being described. See [background notes](/docs/datamodel.html#mainEntityBackground) for details.

Comment
Indicates a page (or other CreativeWork) for which this thing is the main entity being described. See [background notes](/docs/datamodel.html#mainEntityBackground) for details.
DomainIncludes
Thing
InverseOf
mainEntity
Label
mainEntityOfPage
RangeIncludes
CreativeWork
URL

name

The name of the item.

Comment
The name of the item.
DomainIncludes
Thing
EquivalentProperty
Title
Label
name
RangeIncludes
Text
SubPropertyOf
label

object

The object upon which the action is carried out, whose state is kept intact or changed. Also known as the semantic roles patient, affected or undergoer (which change their state) or theme (which doesn't). E.g. John read *a book*.

Comment
The object upon which the action is carried out, whose state is kept intact or changed. Also known as the semantic roles patient, affected or undergoer (which change their state) or theme (which doesn't). E.g. John read *a book*.
DomainIncludes
Action
Label
object
RangeIncludes
Thing

participant

Other co-agents that participated in the action indirectly. E.g. John wrote a book with *Steve*.

Comment
Other co-agents that participated in the action indirectly. E.g. John wrote a book with *Steve*.
DomainIncludes
Action
Label
participant
RangeIncludes
Organization
Person

potentialAction

Indicates a potential Action, which describes an idealized action in which this thing would play an 'object' role.

Comment
Indicates a potential Action, which describes an idealized action in which this thing would play an 'object' role.
DomainIncludes
Thing
Label
potentialAction
RangeIncludes
Action

provider

The service provider, service operator, or service performer; the goods producer. Another party (a seller) may offer those services or goods on behalf of the provider. A provider may also serve as the seller.

Comment
The service provider, service operator, or service performer; the goods producer. Another party (a seller) may offer those services or goods on behalf of the provider. A provider may also serve as the seller.
DomainIncludes
Action
CreativeWork
EducationalOccupationalProgram
FinancialIncentive
Invoice
ParcelDelivery
Reservation
Service
Trip
IsPartOf
pending.schema.org
Label
provider
RangeIncludes
Organization
Person
Source
2289
2927

result

The result produced in the action. E.g. John wrote *a book*.

Comment
The result produced in the action. E.g. John wrote *a book*.
DomainIncludes
Action
Label
result
RangeIncludes
Thing

sameAs

URL of a reference Web page that unambiguously indicates the item's identity. E.g. the URL of the item's Wikipedia page, Wikidata entry, or official website.

Comment
URL of a reference Web page that unambiguously indicates the item's identity. E.g. the URL of the item's Wikipedia page, Wikidata entry, or official website.
DomainIncludes
Thing
Label
sameAs
RangeIncludes
URL

SeekToAction

This is the [[Action]] of navigating to a specific [[startOffset]] timestamp within a [[VideoObject]], typically represented with a URL template structure.

Comment
This is the [[Action]] of navigating to a specific [[startOffset]] timestamp within a [[VideoObject]], typically represented with a URL template structure.
IsPartOf
pending.schema.org
Label
SeekToAction
Source
2722
SubClassOf
Action

startOffset

The start time of the clip expressed as the number of seconds from the beginning of the work.

Comment
The start time of the clip expressed as the number of seconds from the beginning of the work.
DomainIncludes
Clip
SeekToAction
IsPartOf
pending.schema.org
Label
startOffset
RangeIncludes
HyperTocEntry
Number
Source
2021

startTime

The startTime of something. For a reserved event or service (e.g. FoodEstablishmentReservation), the time that it is expected to start. For actions that span a period of time, when the action was performed. E.g. John wrote a book from *January* to December. For media, including audio and video, it's the time offset of the start of a clip within a larger file.\n\nNote that Event uses startDate/endDate instead of startTime/endTime, even when describing dates with times. This situation may be clarified in future revisions.

Comment
The startTime of something. For a reserved event or service (e.g. FoodEstablishmentReservation), the time that it is expected to start. For actions that span a period of time, when the action was performed. E.g. John wrote a book from *January* to December. For media, including audio and video, it's the time offset of the start of a clip within a larger file.\n\nNote that Event uses startDate/endDate instead of startTime/endTime, even when describing dates with times. This situation may be clarified in future revisions.
DomainIncludes
Action
FoodEstablishmentReservation
InteractionCounter
MediaObject
Schedule
Label
startTime
RangeIncludes
DateTime
Time
Source
2493

subjectOf

A CreativeWork or Event about this Thing.

Comment
A CreativeWork or Event about this Thing.
DomainIncludes
Thing
InverseOf
about
Label
subjectOf
RangeIncludes
CreativeWork
Event
Source
1670

target

Indicates a target EntryPoint, or url, for an Action.

Comment
Indicates a target EntryPoint, or url, for an Action.
DomainIncludes
Action
Label
target
RangeIncludes
EntryPoint
URL

Thing

The most generic type of item.

Comment
The most generic type of item.
Label
Thing

url

URL of the item.

Comment
URL of the item.
DomainIncludes
Thing
Label
url
RangeIncludes
URL