A1

A collection is an entity that provides a structure to some constituents, which are themselves entities. These constituents are said to be member of the collections.

• Axiom

A11

hadPrimarySource property is a particular case of wasDerivedFrom (see http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-dm/#term-original-source) that aims to give credit to the source that originated some information.

• Axiom

A29

• Axiom

A32

Revision is a derivation (see http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-dm/#term-Revision). Moreover, according to http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/#term-Revision 23 April 2012 'wasRevisionOf is a strict sub-relation of wasDerivedFrom since two entities e2 and e1 may satisfy wasDerivedFrom(e2,e1) without being a variant of each other.'

• Axiom

A34

Attribution is a particular case of trace (see http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-dm/#concept-trace), in the sense that it links an entity to the agent that ascribed it.

• Axiom

A51

• Axiom

A67

Derivation is a particular case of trace (see http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-dm/#term-trace), since it links an entity to another entity that contributed to its existence.

• Axiom

A7

Quotation is a particular case of derivation (see http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-dm/#term-quotation) in which an entity is derived from an original entity by copying, or "quoting", some or all of it.

• Axiom

actedOnBehalfOf

An object property to express the accountability of an agent towards another agent. The subordinate agent acted on behalf of the responsible agent in an actual activity.

• ObjectProperty

Activity

• Class

activity

• ObjectProperty

ActivityInfluence

ActivityInfluence provides additional descriptions of an Activity's binary influence upon any other kind of resource. Instances of ActivityInfluence use the prov:activity property to cite the influencing Activity.It is not recommended that the type ActivityInfluence be asserted without also asserting one of its more specific subclasses.

• Class

Agent

• Class

agent

• ObjectProperty

AgentInfluence

AgentInfluence provides additional descriptions of an Agent's binary influence upon any other kind of resource. Instances of AgentInfluence use the prov:agent property to cite the influencing Agent.It is not recommended that the type AgentInfluence be asserted without also asserting one of its more specific subclasses.

• Class

alternateOf

• ObjectProperty

aq

• AnnotationProperty

Association

An instance of prov:Association provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasAssociatedWith relation from an prov:Activity to some prov:Agent that had some responsiblity for it. For example, :baking prov:wasAssociatedWith :baker; prov:qualifiedAssociation [ a prov:Association; prov:agent :baker; :foo :bar ].

• Class

atLocation

The Location of any resource.

• ObjectProperty

atTime

The time at which an InstantaneousEvent occurred, in the form of xsd:dateTime.

• DatatypeProperty

Attribution

An instance of prov:Attribution provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasAttributedTo relation from an prov:Entity to some prov:Agent that had some responsible for it. For example, :cake prov:wasAttributedTo :baker; prov:qualifiedAttribution [ a prov:Attribution; prov:entity :baker; :foo :bar ].

• Class

Bundle

Note that there are kinds of bundles (e.g. handwritten letters, audio recordings, etc.) that are not expressed in PROV-O, but can be still be described by PROV-O.

• Class

category

Classify prov-o terms into three categories, including 'starting-point', 'qualifed', and 'extended'. This classification is used by the prov-o html document to gently introduce prov-o terms to its users.

• AnnotationProperty

Collection

• Class

comment

• AnnotationProperty

Communication

An instance of prov:Communication provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasInformedBy relation from an informed prov:Activity to the prov:Activity that informed it. For example, :you_jumping_off_bridge prov:wasInformedBy :everyone_else_jumping_off_bridge; prov:qualifiedCommunication [ a prov:Communication; prov:activity :everyone_else_jumping_off_bridge; :foo :bar ].

• Class

component

Classify prov-o terms into six components according to prov-dm, including 'agents-responsibility', 'alternate', 'annotations', 'collections', 'derivations', and 'entities-activities'. This classification is used so that readers of prov-o specification can find its correspondence with the prov-dm specification.

• AnnotationProperty

constraints

A reference to the principal section of the PROV-CONSTRAINTS document that describes this concept.

• AnnotationProperty

definition

A definition quoted from PROV-DM or PROV-CONSTRAINTS that describes the concept expressed with this OWL term.

• AnnotationProperty

Delegation

An instance of prov:Delegation provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:actedOnBehalfOf relation from a performing prov:Agent to some prov:Agent for whom it was performed. For example, :mixing prov:wasAssociatedWith :toddler . :toddler prov:actedOnBehalfOf :mother; prov:qualifiedDelegation [ a prov:Delegation; prov:entity :mother; :foo :bar ].

• Class

Derivation

An instance of prov:Derivation provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasDerivedFrom relation from some derived prov:Entity to another prov:Entity from which it was derived. For example, :chewed_bubble_gum prov:wasDerivedFrom :unwrapped_bubble_gum; prov:qualifiedDerivation [ a prov:Derivation; prov:entity :unwrapped_bubble_gum; :foo :bar ].The more specific forms of prov:Derivation (i.e., prov:Revision, prov:Quotation, prov:PrimarySource) should be asserted if they apply.

• Class

dm

A reference to the principal section of the PROV-DM document that describes this concept.

• AnnotationProperty

editorialNote

A note by the OWL development team about how this term expresses the PROV-DM concept, or how it should be used in context of semantic web or linked data.

• AnnotationProperty

editorsDefinition

When the prov-o term does not have a definition drawn from prov-dm, and the prov-o editor provides one.

• AnnotationProperty

EmptyCollection

• Class
• Instance

End

An instance of prov:End provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasEndedBy relation from some ended prov:Activity to an prov:Entity that ended it. For example, :ball_game prov:wasEndedBy :buzzer; prov:qualifiedEnd [ a prov:End; prov:entity :buzzer; :foo :bar; prov:atTime '2012-03-09T08:05:08-05:00'^^xsd:dateTime ].

• Class

endedAtTime

The time at which an activity ended. See also prov:startedAtTime.

• DatatypeProperty

Entity

• Class

entity

• ObjectProperty

EntityInfluence

EntityInfluence provides additional descriptions of an Entity's binary influence upon any other kind of resource. Instances of EntityInfluence use the prov:entity property to cite the influencing Entity.It is not recommended that the type EntityInfluence be asserted without also asserting one of its more specific subclasses.

• Class

generated

• ObjectProperty

generatedAtTime

The time at which an entity was completely created and is available for use.

• DatatypeProperty

Generation

An instance of prov:Generation provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasGeneratedBy relation from a generated prov:Entity to the prov:Activity that generated it. For example, :cake prov:wasGeneratedBy :baking; prov:qualifiedGeneration [ a prov:Generation; prov:activity :baking; :foo :bar ].

• Class

hadActivity

The _optional_ Activity of an Influence, which used, generated, invalidated, or was the responsibility of some Entity. This property is _not_ used by ActivityInfluence (use prov:activity instead).

• ObjectProperty

hadGeneration

The _optional_ Generation involved in an Entity's Derivation.

• ObjectProperty

hadMember

• ObjectProperty

hadPlan

The _optional_ Plan adopted by an Agent in Association with some Activity. Plan specifications are out of the scope of this specification.

• ObjectProperty

hadPrimarySource

• ObjectProperty

hadRole

The _optional_ Role that an Entity assumed in the context of an Activity. For example, :baking prov:used :spoon; prov:qualified [ a prov:Usage; prov:entity :spoon; prov:hadRole roles:mixing_implement ].

• ObjectProperty

hadUsage

The _optional_ Usage involved in an Entity's Derivation.

• ObjectProperty

Influence

An instance of prov:Influence provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasInfluencedBy relation from some influenced Activity, Entity, or Agent to the influencing Activity, Entity, or Agent. For example, :stomach_ache prov:wasInfluencedBy :spoon; prov:qualifiedInfluence [ a prov:Influence; prov:entity :spoon; :foo :bar ] . Because prov:Influence is a broad relation, the more specific relations (Communication, Delegation, End, etc.) should be used when applicable.Because prov:Influence is a broad relation, its most specific subclasses (e.g. prov:Communication, prov:Delegation, prov:End, prov:Revision, etc.) should be used when applicable.

• Class

influenced

• ObjectProperty

influencer

Subproperties of prov:influencer are used to cite the object of an unqualified PROV-O triple whose predicate is a subproperty of prov:wasInfluencedBy (e.g. prov:used, prov:wasGeneratedBy). prov:influencer is used much like rdf:object is used.

• ObjectProperty

InstantaneousEvent

An instantaneous event, or event for short, happens in the world and marks a change in the world, in its activities and in its entities. The term 'event' is commonly used in process algebra with a similar meaning. Events represent communications or interactions; they are assumed to be atomic and instantaneous.

• Class

invalidated

• ObjectProperty

invalidatedAtTime

The time at which an entity was invalidated (i.e., no longer usable).

• DatatypeProperty

Invalidation

An instance of prov:Invalidation provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasInvalidatedBy relation from an invalidated prov:Entity to the prov:Activity that invalidated it. For example, :uncracked_egg prov:wasInvalidatedBy :baking; prov:qualifiedInvalidation [ a prov:Invalidation; prov:activity :baking; :foo :bar ].

• Class

inverse

PROV-O does not define all property inverses. The directionalities defined in PROV-O should be given preference over those not defined. However, if users wish to name the inverse of a PROV-O property, the local name given by prov:inverse should be used.

• AnnotationProperty

isDefinedBy

• AnnotationProperty

label

• AnnotationProperty

Location

• Class

n

A reference to the principal section of the PROV-DM document that describes this concept.

• AnnotationProperty

order

The position that this OWL term should be listed within documentation. The scope of the documentation (e.g., among all terms, among terms within a prov:category, among properties applying to a particular class, etc.) is unspecified.

• AnnotationProperty

Organization

• Class

Person

• Class

Plan

There exist no prescriptive requirement on the nature of plans, their representation, the actions or steps they consist of, or their intended goals. Since plans may evolve over time, it may become necessary to track their provenance, so plans themselves are entities. Representing the plan explicitly in the provenance can be useful for various tasks: for example, to validate the execution as represented in the provenance record, to manage expectation failures, or to provide explanations.

• Class

PrimarySource

An instance of prov:PrimarySource provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:hadPrimarySource relation from some secondary prov:Entity to an earlier, primary prov:Entity. For example, :blog prov:hadPrimarySource :newsArticle; prov:qualifiedPrimarySource [ a prov:PrimarySource; prov:entity :newsArticle; :foo :bar ] .

• Class

prov#

• Ontology

qualifiedAssociation

If this Activity prov:wasAssociatedWith Agent :ag, then it can qualify the Association using prov:qualifiedAssociation [ a prov:Association; prov:agent :ag; :foo :bar ].

• ObjectProperty

qualifiedAttribution

If this Entity prov:wasAttributedTo Agent :ag, then it can qualify how it was influenced using prov:qualifiedAttribution [ a prov:Attribution; prov:agent :ag; :foo :bar ].

• ObjectProperty

qualifiedCommunication

If this Activity prov:wasInformedBy Activity :a, then it can qualify how it was influenced using prov:qualifiedCommunication [ a prov:Communication; prov:activity :a; :foo :bar ].

• ObjectProperty

qualifiedDelegation

If this Agent prov:actedOnBehalfOf Agent :ag, then it can qualify how with prov:qualifiedResponsibility [ a prov:Responsibility; prov:agent :ag; :foo :bar ].

• ObjectProperty

qualifiedDerivation

If this Entity prov:wasDerivedFrom Entity :e, then it can qualify how it was derived using prov:qualifiedDerivation [ a prov:Derivation; prov:entity :e; :foo :bar ].

• ObjectProperty

qualifiedEnd

If this Activity prov:wasEndedBy Entity :e1, then it can qualify how it was ended using prov:qualifiedEnd [ a prov:End; prov:entity :e1; :foo :bar ].

• ObjectProperty

qualifiedForm

This annotation property links a subproperty of prov:wasInfluencedBy with the subclass of prov:Influence and the qualifying property that are used to qualify it. Example annotation: prov:wasGeneratedBy prov:qualifiedForm prov:qualifiedGeneration, prov:Generation . Then this unqualified assertion: :entity1 prov:wasGeneratedBy :activity1 . can be qualified by adding: :entity1 prov:qualifiedGeneration :entity1Gen . :entity1Gen a prov:Generation, prov:Influence; prov:activity :activity1; :customValue 1337 . Note how the value of the unqualified influence (prov:wasGeneratedBy :activity1) is mirrored as the value of the prov:activity (or prov:entity, or prov:agent) property on the influence class.

• AnnotationProperty

qualifiedGeneration

If this Activity prov:generated Entity :e, then it can qualify how it performed the Generation using prov:qualifiedGeneration [ a prov:Generation; prov:entity :e; :foo :bar ].

• ObjectProperty

qualifiedInfluence

Because prov:qualifiedInfluence is a broad relation, the more specific relations (qualifiedCommunication, qualifiedDelegation, qualifiedEnd, etc.) should be used when applicable.

• ObjectProperty

qualifiedInvalidation

If this Entity prov:wasInvalidatedBy Activity :a, then it can qualify how it was invalidated using prov:qualifiedInvalidation [ a prov:Invalidation; prov:activity :a; :foo :bar ].

• ObjectProperty

qualifiedPrimarySource

If this Entity prov:hadPrimarySource Entity :e, then it can qualify how using prov:qualifiedPrimarySource [ a prov:PrimarySource; prov:entity :e; :foo :bar ].

• ObjectProperty

qualifiedQuotation

If this Entity prov:wasQuotedFrom Entity :e, then it can qualify how using prov:qualifiedQuotation [ a prov:Quotation; prov:entity :e; :foo :bar ].

• ObjectProperty

qualifiedRevision

If this Entity prov:wasRevisionOf Entity :e, then it can qualify how it was revised using prov:qualifiedRevision [ a prov:Revision; prov:entity :e; :foo :bar ].

• ObjectProperty

qualifiedStart

If this Activity prov:wasStartedBy Entity :e1, then it can qualify how it was started using prov:qualifiedStart [ a prov:Start; prov:entity :e1; :foo :bar ].

• ObjectProperty

qualifiedUsage

If this Activity prov:used Entity :e, then it can qualify how it used it using prov:qualifiedUsage [ a prov:Usage; prov:entity :e; :foo :bar ].

• ObjectProperty

Quotation

An instance of prov:Quotation provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasQuotedFrom relation from some taken prov:Entity from an earlier, larger prov:Entity. For example, :here_is_looking_at_you_kid prov:wasQuotedFrom :casablanca_script; prov:qualifiedQuotation [ a prov:Quotation; prov:entity :casablanca_script; :foo :bar ].

• Class

Revision

An instance of prov:Revision provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasRevisionOf relation from some newer prov:Entity to an earlier prov:Entity. For example, :draft_2 prov:wasRevisionOf :draft_1; prov:qualifiedRevision [ a prov:Revision; prov:entity :draft_1; :foo :bar ].

• Class

Role

• Class

seeAlso

• AnnotationProperty

sharesDefinitionWith

• AnnotationProperty

SoftwareAgent

• Class

specializationOf

• AnnotationProperty
• ObjectProperty

Start

An instance of prov:Start provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasStartedBy relation from some started prov:Activity to an prov:Entity that started it. For example, :foot_race prov:wasStartedBy :bang; prov:qualifiedStart [ a prov:Start; prov:entity :bang; :foo :bar; prov:atTime '2012-03-09T08:05:08-05:00'^^xsd:dateTime ] .

• Class

startedAtTime

The time at which an activity started. See also prov:endedAtTime.

• DatatypeProperty

Thing

• Class

todo

• AnnotationProperty

unqualifiedForm

Classes and properties used to qualify relationships are annotated with prov:unqualifiedForm to indicate the property used to assert an unqualified provenance relation.

• AnnotationProperty

Usage

An instance of prov:Usage provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:used relation from some prov:Activity to an prov:Entity that it used. For example, :keynote prov:used :podium; prov:qualifiedUsage [ a prov:Usage; prov:entity :podium; :foo :bar ].

• Class

used

A prov:Entity that was used by this prov:Activity. For example, :baking prov:used :spoon, :egg, :oven .

• ObjectProperty

value

• DatatypeProperty

versionInfo

• AnnotationProperty

W3C PROVenance Interchange Ontology (PROV-O)

This document is published by the Provenance Working Group (http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/wiki/Main_Page). If you wish to make comments regarding this document, please send them to public-prov-comments@w3.org (subscribe public-prov-comments-request@w3.org, archives http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-prov-comments/). All feedback is welcome.

• Ontology

wasAssociatedWith

An prov:Agent that had some (unspecified) responsibility for the occurrence of this prov:Activity.

• ObjectProperty

wasAttributedTo

Attribution is the ascribing of an entity to an agent.

• ObjectProperty

wasDerivedFrom

The more specific subproperties of prov:wasDerivedFrom (i.e., prov:wasQuotedFrom, prov:wasRevisionOf, prov:hadPrimarySource) should be used when applicable.

• ObjectProperty

wasEndedBy

End is when an activity is deemed to have ended. An end may refer to an entity, known as trigger, that terminated the activity.

• ObjectProperty

wasGeneratedBy

• ObjectProperty

wasInfluencedBy

Because prov:wasInfluencedBy is a broad relation, its more specific subproperties (e.g. prov:wasInformedBy, prov:actedOnBehalfOf, prov:wasEndedBy, etc.) should be used when applicable.

• ObjectProperty

wasInformedBy

An activity a2 is dependent on or informed by another activity a1, by way of some unspecified entity that is generated by a1 and used by a2.

• ObjectProperty

wasInvalidatedBy

• ObjectProperty

wasQuotedFrom

An entity is derived from an original entity by copying, or 'quoting', some or all of it.

• ObjectProperty

wasRevisionOf

A revision is a derivation that revises an entity into a revised version.

• AnnotationProperty
• ObjectProperty

wasStartedBy

Start is when an activity is deemed to have started. A start may refer to an entity, known as trigger, that initiated the activity.

• ObjectProperty