
Victorian era
In the history of the United Kingdom and the British Empire, the Victorian era was the period of Queen Victoria's reign, from 20 June 1837 until her death on 22 January 1901. The era followed the Georgian period and preceded the Edwardian period, and its later half overlaps with the first part of the Belle Époque era of Continental Europe.
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- enKate Summerscale quoting historian Anthony S. Wohl
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- Georgian era
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- en"The truant's log" painting by Ralph Henley depicts a schoolboy being punished for truancy
- enA picture of Leadenhall Street, London, c. 1837
- enBritish and Australian officers in South Africa during the Second Boer War
- enBrunel's Clifton Suspension Bridge in Bristol
- enConstruction of the Metropolitan Railway
- enCover illustration for Lewis Carroll's The Nursery "Alice" by E. Gertrude Thomson published by Macmillan in 1890 in London
- enCromwell street school formally a Birmingham board school established following the 1870 Education Act
- enCrossing the Lagan Canal by the Ulster Railway near Moira, Northern Ireland, a legacy of the Victorian era.
- enDaimler Wagonette, Ireland, c. 1899
- enFirst Opium War: British ships approaching Canton in May 1841
- enFollowing the Fourth Anglo-Ashanti War in 1896, the British proclaimed a protectorate over the Ashanti Kingdom.
- enFrith's depiction of Paddington railway station in London.
- enGirl pulling a coal tub in mine. From official report of the parliamentary commission in the mid-19th century.
- enGovernor-General of India Lord Canning meets Maharaja Ranbir Singh of Jammu and Kashmir, 1860
- enLlandudno, 1856. With the arrival of the railway network, seaside towns became popular destinations for Victorian holiday makers
- enOpening of the Royal Albert Hall in 1871
- enPablo Fanque performing at Astley's Amphitheatre, 1847
- enPage 157 from Somerville's Mechanism discussing Kepler's laws
- enQueen Victoria in 1859 by Winterhalter
- enRamsgate beach in 1899
- enRecreation of Victorian furnishings in a 21st century classroom
- enThe 1843 launch of the Great Britain, the revolutionary ship of Isambard Kingdom Brunel
- enThe 1887 edition of Beeton's Christmas Annual contains Arthur Conan Doyle's A Study in Scarlet, the first appearance of the fictional detective Sherlock Holmes.
- enThe Great Exhibition in London. The United Kingdom was the first country in the world to industrialise.
- enThe Poultry Cross, Salisbury, painted by Louise Rayner, c. 1870
- enThe author Constance Wilde, wife of Oscar Wilde, pictured with son Cyril, 1889
- enThe defence of Rorke's Drift during the Anglo-Zulu War of 1879
- enThe last of the mail coaches at Newcastle upon Tyne, 1848
- enThe railways changed communications and society dramatically
- enWorking class life in Victorian St Ives, Cornwall
- enWorkmen leaving Platt's Works, Oldham, 1900
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- Comment
- enIn the history of the United Kingdom and the British Empire, the Victorian era was the period of Queen Victoria's reign, from 20 June 1837 until her death on 22 January 1901. The era followed the Georgian period and preceded the Edwardian period, and its later half overlaps with the first part of the Belle Époque era of Continental Europe.
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- enIn the history of the United Kingdom and the British Empire, the Victorian era was the period of Queen Victoria's reign, from 20 June 1837 until her death on 22 January 1901. The era followed the Georgian period and preceded the Edwardian period, and its later half overlaps with the first part of the Belle Époque era of Continental Europe. There was a strong religious drive for higher moral standards led by the nonconformist churches, such as the Methodists and the evangelical wing of the established Church of England. Ideologically, the Victorian era witnessed resistance to the rationalism that defined the Georgian period, and an increasing turn towards romanticism and even mysticism in religion, social values, and arts. This era saw a staggering amount of technological innovations that proved key to Britain's power and prosperity. Doctors started moving away from tradition and mysticism towards a science-based approach; medicine advanced thanks to the adoption of the germ theory of disease and pioneering research in epidemiology. Domestically, the political agenda was increasingly liberal, with a number of shifts in the direction of gradual political reform, improved social reform, and the widening of the franchise. There were unprecedented demographic changes: the population of England and Wales almost doubled from 16.8 million in 1851 to 30.5 million in 1901, and Scotland's population also rose rapidly, from 2.8 million in 1851 to 4.4 million in 1901. However, Ireland's population decreased sharply, from 8.2 million in 1841 to less than 4.5 million in 1901, mostly due to emigration and the Great Famine. Between 1837 and 1901 about 15 million emigrated from Great Britain, mostly to the United States, as well as to imperial outposts in Canada, South Africa, New Zealand, and Australia. Thanks to educational reforms, the British population not only approached universal literacy towards the end of the era but also became increasingly well-educated; the market for reading materials of all kinds boomed. Britain's relations with the other Great Powers were driven by antagonism with Russia, including the Crimean War and the Great Game. A Pax Britannica of peaceful trade was maintained by the country's naval and industrial supremacy. Britain embarked on global imperial expansion, particularly in Asia and Africa, which made the British Empire the largest empire in history. National self-confidence peaked. Britain granted political autonomy to the more advanced colonies of Australia, Canada, and New Zealand. Apart from the Crimean War, Britain was not involved in any armed conflict with another major power. The two main political parties during the era remained the Whigs/Liberals and the Conservatives; by its end, the Labour Party had formed as a distinct political entity. These parties were led by such prominent statesmen as Lord Melbourne, Sir Robert Peel, Lord Derby, Lord Palmerston, Benjamin Disraeli, William Gladstone, and Lord Salisbury. The unsolved problems relating to Irish Home Rule played a great part in politics in the later Victorian era, particularly in view of Gladstone's determination to achieve a political settlement in Ireland.
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- enA Study in Scarlet from Beeton's Christmas Annual 1887.jpg
- enBoer War officers P03206.001.jpg
- enBritish ships in Canton.jpg
- enClifton.bridge.arp.750pix.jpg
- enConstance Wilde with son Cyril 1889.jpg
- enConstructing the Metropolitan Railway.png
- enCromwell Street School Birmingham 07.jpg
- enCrystal Palace - interior.jpg
- enDaimler wagonette National Library of Ireland.jpg
- enDéfense de Rorke's Drift.jpg
- enFanque at Astley's.jpg
- enHoll The Railway Station colorized.jpg
- enJames Pollard - The Last of the Mail Coaches at Newcastle upon Tyne - Google Art Project.jpg
- enLaunch-of-the-SS-GB.jpg
- enLeadenhall Street J Hopkins.jpg
- enLlandudno.jpeg
- enLouise Rayner Salisbury The Poultry Cross.jpg
- enMandK Industrial Revolution 1900.jpg
- enNursery-alice-1890.png
- enPage 157 from Mechanism of the Heaven, Mary Somerville 1831.png
- enPoverty map old nichol 1889.jpg
- enPrempeh-124-palaver-and-submission.jpg
- enRAH Opening 1871 ILN.jpg
- enRailway Bridge - geograph.org.uk - 501975.jpg
- enRalph Hedley The truant's log 1899.jpg
- enReturn visit of the Viceroy to the Maharaja of Cashmere.jpg
- enStephenson's Rocket.jpg
- enThe Victorian Schoolroom, Leith Walk Primary School - geograph.org.uk - 3721904.jpg
- enThe sands, Ramsgate, Kent, England, ca. 1899.jpg
- enVictorian Bishopgate.jpg
- encoaltub.png
- Is primary topic of
- Victorian era
- Label
- enVictorian era
- Leaders
- Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery
- Benjamin Disraeli
- Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby
- George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen
- Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston
- John Russell, 1st Earl Russell
- Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury
- Robert Peel
- William Ewart Gladstone
- William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne
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- File:A daguerreotype of a Victorian couple in 1840s clothing.jpg
- File:A Football Match.jpg
- File:Allen & Sons Cocoa ad 1880.jpg
- File:Bristol MMB 43 SS Great Britain.jpg
- File:British Empire in 1898.png
- File:Children playing in their nursery; performing at and attendi Wellcome V0010800.jpg
- File:Clover with his chloroform apparatus 1862.jpg
- File:Edinburgh Ale by Hill & Adamson c1844.png
- File:Faraday Michael Christmas lecture detail.jpg
- File:Fathers of Confederation LAC c001855.jpg
- File:Franz Xaver Winterhalter Family of Queen Victoria.jpg
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- File:James Pollard - The Derby Pets- The Winner - Google Art Project.jpg
- File:Kondratieff Wave-HQ.png
- File:Lord Kelvin (Biographies of Scientific Men).jpg
- File:Nightingale-mortality.jpg
- File:Punch guy fawkes pope 1850.jpg
- File:Queen Victoria on her deathbed, 1901.jpg
- File:Royal Institution Shepherd TH.jpg
- File:Senior Wrangler and Girton student.jpg
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- File:Women in Victorian London washing (47050918051).jpg
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- W. H. Russell
- Walter Houghton
- War correspondent
- Westminster Hall
- Whig (British political faction)
- Whitechapel murders
- Wilhelm II, German Emperor
- William Acton (doctor)
- William Batty
- William Ewart Gladstone
- William Fothergill Cooke
- William Fox Talbot
- William Harcourt (politician)
- William Holman Hunt
- William II, German Emperor
- William IV of the United Kingdom
- William John MacQuorn Rankine
- William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne
- William Makepeace Thackeray
- William Playfair
- William Powell Frith
- William Rowan Hamilton
- William Shakespeare
- William Stewart Ross
- William T.G. Morton
- William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin
- William Whewell
- Women in the Victorian era
- Wordsum
- Workhouses
- World's Fair
- Worthing
- X-ray
- Monarch
- Queen Victoria
- Name
- enVictorian era
- Quote
- enThe most obvious and the most distinctive feature of the History of Civilisation, during the last fifty years [1837–87], is the wonderful increase of industrial production by the application of machinery, the improvement of old technical processes and the invention of new ones, accompanied by an even more remarkable development of old and new means of locomotion and intercommunication.
- Salign
- enright
- SameAs
- 7503447-5
- Aevum Victorianum
- Cyfnod Fictoraidd
- Dómina victoriana
- Epoca victoriană
- Época victoriana
- Època victoriana
- Época vitoriana
- Epoka wiktoriańska
- Époque victorienne
- Era Victoria
- Era vitoriana
- Età vittoriana
- Fiktoriaanske Tiid
- m.0814f
- mF7b
- Q182688
- Ré Victeoiriach
- Victoria ajastu
- Victoriaanse tydperk
- Victoriaans tijdperk
- Victorian era
- Victorian era
- Victoriatiden
- Viktoriaaninen aikakausi
- Viktoriana epoko
- Viktorianisches Zeitalter
- Viktoriánska éra
- Viktoriánské období
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- Viktoriatida
- Viktoriatiden
- Viktorijansko doba
- Viktorijansko doba
- Viktoríutímabilið
- Viktoriya dövrü
- Viktorya Dönemi
- Zaman Victoria
- Βικτωριανή εποχή
- Викторианска епоха
- Викторианская эпоха
- Виктория тапхăрĕ
- Викторијанско доба
- Віктарыянская эпоха
- Вікторіанська епоха
- Վիկտորյական դարաշրջան
- התקופה הוויקטוריאנית
- العصر الفيكتوري
- دوره ویکتوریا
- سەردەمی ڤیکتۆریا
- وکٹوریائی دور
- وکٹوریائی دور
- ভিক্টোরীয় যুগ
- விக்டோரியா காலம்
- വിക്ടോറിയൻ കാലഘട്ടം
- වික්ටෝරියා යුගය
- สมัยวิกตอเรีย
- ვიქტორიანული ეპოქა
- ヴィクトリア朝
- 维多利亚时代
- 빅토리아 시대
- SeeAlso
- Periodisation
- Victorian architecture
- Victorian literature
- Victorian morality
- Source
- en—Thomas Henry Huxley
- Start
- 1837
- Subject
- Category:19th century in England
- Category:19th century in the United Kingdom
- Category:Historical eras
- Category:History of England by period
- Category:History of the United Kingdom by period
- Category:Victorian era
- Text
- enThe English home closed up and darkened over the decade , the cult of domesticity matched by a cult of privacy. Bourgeois existence was a world of interior space, heavily curtained off and wary of intrusion, and opened only by invitation for viewing on occasions such as parties or teas. "The essential, unknowability of each individual, and society's collaboration in the maintenance of a façade behind which lurked innumerable mysteries, were the themes which preoccupied many mid-century novelists."
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- Wikipage revision ID
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- YearEnd
- 1901
- YearStart
- 1837