Solar neutrino problem
The solar neutrino problem concerned a large discrepancy between the flux of solar neutrinos as predicted from the Sun's luminosity and as measured directly. The discrepancy was first observed in the mid-1960s and was resolved around 2002. Several neutrino detectors aiming at different flavors, energies, and traveled distance contributed to our present knowledge of neutrinos. In 2002 and 2015, a total of four researchers related to some of these detectors were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics.
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- WikicatCosmicRays
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- Comment
- enThe solar neutrino problem concerned a large discrepancy between the flux of solar neutrinos as predicted from the Sun's luminosity and as measured directly. The discrepancy was first observed in the mid-1960s and was resolved around 2002. Several neutrino detectors aiming at different flavors, energies, and traveled distance contributed to our present knowledge of neutrinos. In 2002 and 2015, a total of four researchers related to some of these detectors were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics.
- Has abstract
- enThe solar neutrino problem concerned a large discrepancy between the flux of solar neutrinos as predicted from the Sun's luminosity and as measured directly. The discrepancy was first observed in the mid-1960s and was resolved around 2002. The flux of neutrinos at Earth is several tens of billions per square centimetre per second, mostly from the Sun's core. They are nevertheless hard to detect, because they interact very weakly with matter, traversing the whole Earth as light does a thin layer of air. Of the three types (flavors) of neutrinos known in the Standard Model of particle physics, the Sun produces only electron neutrinos. When neutrino detectors became sensitive enough to measure the flow of electron neutrinos from the Sun, the number detected was much lower than predicted. In various experiments, the number deficit was between one half and two thirds. Particle physicists knew that a mechanism, discussed back in 1957 by Bruno Pontecorvo, could explain the deficit in electron neutrinos. However, they hesitated to accept it for various reasons, including the fact that it required a modification of the accepted Standard Model. They first pointed at the solar model for adjustment, which was ruled out. Today it is accepted that the neutrinos produced in the Sun are not massless particles as predicted by the Standard Model but rather mixed quantum states made up of defined-mass eigenstates in different (complex) proportions. That allows a neutrino produced as a pure electron neutrino to change during propagation into a mixture of electron, muon and tau neutrinos, with a reduced probability of being detected by a detector sensitive to only electron neutrinos. Several neutrino detectors aiming at different flavors, energies, and traveled distance contributed to our present knowledge of neutrinos. In 2002 and 2015, a total of four researchers related to some of these detectors were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics.
- Hypernym
- Discrepancy
- Is primary topic of
- Solar neutrino problem
- Label
- enSolar neutrino problem
- Link from a Wikipage to an external page
- www.symmetrymag.org/cms/%3Fpid=1000119
- www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/neutrino/dete-01.html
- nobelprize.org/physics/articles/bahcall/
- www.sns.ias.edu/~jnb/
- lynneslair.com/neutrino/
- www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/neutrino/
- cupp.oulu.fi/neutrino/nd-sol2.html
- math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physics/ParticleAndNuclear/solar_neutrino.html
- Link from a Wikipage to another Wikipage
- Alexei Yuryevich Smirnov
- Alpha particle
- Arthur B. McDonald
- Bruno Pontecorvo
- Category:Neutrinos
- Category:Particle physics
- Category:Sun
- Category:Unsolved problems in astronomy
- Cherenkov radiation
- Complex number
- Cosmic ray
- Earth
- Electron neutrino
- Energy spectrum
- Flavour (particle physics)
- Flux
- Gamma ray
- Heavy water
- Helioseismology
- Herbert H. Chen
- Homestake Experiment
- Irvine-Michigan-Brookhaven (detector)
- John N. Bahcall
- Kamiokande
- Kamioka Observatory
- Kinetic energy
- Luminosity
- Masatoshi Koshiba
- Mass
- Mikheyev–Smirnov–Wolfenstein effect
- Mixed quantum state
- Muon neutrino
- Neutrino
- Neutrino detector
- Neutrino oscillation
- Neutrinos
- Nobel Prize for Physics
- Nobel Prize in Physics
- Nuclear fusion
- Particle physics
- Positron
- Pressure
- Proton
- Proton–proton chain reaction
- Raymond Davis Jr.
- SN 1987A
- Solar neutrino
- Standard Model
- Standard solar model
- Sudbury Neutrino Observatory
- Sun
- Sun's core
- Super-Kamiokande
- Supernova
- Supernova neutrinos
- Takaaki Kajita
- Tau neutrino
- Temperature
- Tetrachloroethylene
- SameAs
- 2x5Ls
- Fadhb neoidríonónna na Gréine
- m.06xcr
- Masalah neutrino surya
- Napneutrínó-probléma
- Problema dei neutrini solari
- Problema de los neutrinos solares
- Problema dels neutrins solars
- Problema dos neutrinos solares
- Problème des neutrinos solaires
- Problem neutrin słonecznych
- Problem Sunčevih neutrina
- Q31937
- Solar neutrino problem
- Solar nötrino problemi
- Solnøytrinoproblemet
- Проблема солнечных нейтрино
- Проблема сонячних нейтрино
- Проблем соларних неутрина
- مسئله نوترینوی خورشیدی
- مشكلة نيوترينو الشمس
- സോളാർ ന്യൂട്രിനോ പ്രോബ്ലം
- 太阳中微子问题
- 太陽ニュートリノ問題
- Subject
- Category:Neutrinos
- Category:Particle physics
- Category:Sun
- Category:Unsolved problems in astronomy
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- Solar neutrino problem?oldid=1089426783&ns=0
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