Problem structuring methods
Problem structuring methods (PSMs) are a group of techniques used to model or to map the nature or structure of a situation or state of affairs that some people want to change. PSMs are usually used by a group of people in collaboration (rather than by a solitary individual) to create a consensus about, or at least to facilitate negotiations about, what needs to change. Some widely adopted PSMs include soft systems methodology, the strategic choice approach, and strategic options development and analysis (SODA).
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- enProblem structuring methods (PSMs) are a group of techniques used to model or to map the nature or structure of a situation or state of affairs that some people want to change. PSMs are usually used by a group of people in collaboration (rather than by a solitary individual) to create a consensus about, or at least to facilitate negotiations about, what needs to change. Some widely adopted PSMs include soft systems methodology, the strategic choice approach, and strategic options development and analysis (SODA).
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- enJuly 2022
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- enProblem structuring methods (PSMs) are a group of techniques used to model or to map the nature or structure of a situation or state of affairs that some people want to change. PSMs are usually used by a group of people in collaboration (rather than by a solitary individual) to create a consensus about, or at least to facilitate negotiations about, what needs to change. Some widely adopted PSMs include soft systems methodology, the strategic choice approach, and strategic options development and analysis (SODA). Unlike some problem solving methods that assume that all the relevant issues and constraints and goals that constitute the problem are defined in advance or are uncontroversial, PSMs assume that there is no single uncontested representation of what constitutes the problem. PSMs are mostly used with groups of people, but PSMs have also influenced the coaching and counseling of individuals.
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- Argumentation
- Boundary critique
- Business strategy
- Butterworth-Heinemann
- Category:Problem structuring methods
- Causal model
- Coaching
- Cognitive map
- Colin Eden
- Collaboration
- Columbia University Press
- Communicative rationality
- Comparison of system dynamics software
- Compendium (software)
- Conceptual model
- Consensus
- Counseling
- Decision conferencing
- Decision-making
- Decision support system
- Delphi method
- Diagram
- Dialogue mapping
- Donald Schön
- Elsevier
- European Journal of Operational Research
- Facilitation (business)
- Facilitator
- Flip chart
- Forest Ecology and Management
- Geographic information system
- Group concept mapping
- Group dynamics
- Herbert A. Simon
- Horst Rittel
- Information graphics
- Information system
- Information technology
- Issue-based information system
- IUniverse
- Jerome Ravetz
- John Wiley & Sons
- Jonathan Rosenhead
- Jossey-Bass
- Journal of the Operational Research Society
- McGraw-Hill
- Melvin M. Webber
- Method engineering
- Methodology
- Michael C. Jackson
- Negotiation
- Open Space Technology
- Operations research
- Optimal decision
- Participative decision-making
- Participatory modeling
- Participatory rural appraisal
- Penguin Group
- Personal computer
- Peter Checkland
- Policy Sciences
- Post-it note
- Problem finding
- Problem formulation
- Problem shaping
- Problem solving
- Procedural justice
- Project stakeholder
- Research question
- Robert L. Flood
- Ronald Heifetz
- Russell L. Ackoff
- Sage Publications
- San Francisco Zoo
- Satisfice
- Scholarly journal
- Sensemaking
- Soft systems methodology
- Spreadsheet
- Springer Verlag
- Stakeholder analysis
- State of affairs (sociology)
- Stopping rule
- System dynamics
- System Dynamics Society
- Systems modeling
- Systems Research and Behavioral Science
- Thomson Corporation
- Transparency (behavior)
- Video projector
- Whiteboard
- Wicked problem
- SameAs
- 2M2Wf
- Q24900852
- طرق هيكلة المشكلات
- SeeAlso
- Cynefin framework
- Subject
- Category:Problem structuring methods
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